I agree with Hillary, education is the single most important aspect when it comes to the change in behavior that we are seeking. As she mentioned, it starts with the awareness that the general population lacks; not to mention the accelerated, short term, convenience seeking lifestyle that we have gotten used to. Regardless of these challenges, I would not consider these programs a “colossal failure”: There are designated days to pick up different recycling and trash items where I live (Manhattan). I see how both single and multiple families properties within my area are following procedure. More people are bringing their own bags to grocery shop, and using reusable water bottles. In some areas the city has dumpsters that classifies waste. We must accept, they’re far from perfect, and need to be evaluated and improved, as you suggest. But we’re getting there. 🙂