Current Areas of Interest and Future Research Programs: figurative language and metaphor and what they can tell us about language shift/evolution, adult language learning and bilingualism: a window on the development of competency, language and thought and the whorfian hypothesis, cognitive substrates of language performance (EF, WM, explict/procedural memory), language and cultural evolution, archaeology (BA) of the neolithic revolution (specifically combining synchronic methods from psychology with diachronic methods from archaeology to understand symbolic evolution in early human civilizations and settlements).